What are the three possibilities for a ball becoming dead and out of bounds?

The rationale behind the answer being correct lies in the specific definitions of what constitutes a ball being dead and out of bounds during a volleyball match. The ball becomes dead and out of bounds when it makes contact with areas that are designated as outside the playable court or involves objects or participants that do not play a role in the game.

When the ball touches the wall, it is considered out of bounds as walls are outside the playing area. Similarly, if the ball strikes the antenna, which marks the boundaries of the area through which the serve must pass, the play is terminated as this contact indicates a failure to adhere to the court’s structural limits. Lastly, if the ball lands on the floor outside of the boundary line, it additionally reinforces the notion of being out of bounds, as any landing outside of the designated play area concludes the rally.

This understanding is crucial in the context of gameplay, as recognizing what constitutes a dead ball helps players and officials make informed decisions during matches.